Radiation therapy uses high doses of radiation to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors. Doctors can administer this treatment through a machine that sends radiation out from outside the body or by inserting a device inside it.
Medicines used in first-line treatment provide clinically meaningful benefits and should be prioritized on the WHO EMLs [1]. However, utilization (prescribing pattern) of these medicines in primary health facilities remains low.
Lamivudine
Lamivudine is a component of many antiretroviral (ART) treatments. It is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) that blocks the hepatitis B virus (HBV) from making new viruses. It is used as part of a combination therapy to treat both HIV and HBV. It is also used as a single agent to treat chronic HBV infection and hepatitis B virus-related liver damage.
When taken regularly, lamivudine manufacturer can reduce the amount of HBV in your body and help you feel better. It can also prevent new infections. It is important to take it exactly as prescribed by your doctor. If you miss doses or don’t take it on schedule, your infection may get worse and become harder to treat.
This drug can cause a swollen liver and a buildup of acid in your blood (hepatic toxicity). It is most likely to happen in women, people who are overweight, or those who have taken this drug for a long time. This can be deadly. It is also possible to get pancreatitis (an inflammation of the pancreas) when taking this medicine. It is most likely to happen in people who have had pancreatitis before. It is less likely to cause pancreatitis if you take the same dose every day.
If you have diabetes or kidney problems, your doctor will probably lower the dose of lamivudine that you take. This is because your kidneys aren’t able to process this drug as well.
You should tell your doctor if you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant. This medication can pass into breast milk and harm a baby. It is recommended that you not breastfeed while taking this medication.
This medication can interact with certain medications, including tenofovir and nevirapine. It is also not recommended to use this drug with rifamycins or any other antibiotics. It is important to tell your doctor about all the medicines, vitamins, and supplements you are taking. This includes prescription and nonprescription medications, as well as herbal products and vitamin D supplements. This information can help your doctor decide if you should take this medicine.
Pancreatitis
The pancreas is a large organ that sits deep inside the abdomen behind the stomach and in front of the spine. It produces digestive enzymes and regulates blood sugar levels. It also helps the body absorb fats and nutrients. The main symptom of pancreatitis is pain that starts in the upper belly and spreads to the back. The pain usually gets worse after eating. It may be sharp and sudden, or it can build up over several hours. Other symptoms include nausea and vomiting. The cause of pancreatitis varies. It can be caused by heavy drinking, gallstones, or medications such as narcotics and diuretics. It can also be inherited or result from certain diseases such as diabetes and autoimmune disorders.
Pancreatitis can be serious and sometimes life-threatening. It can lead to infection in the dead tissue (necrosis) or to a systemic response to an infection that can lower your blood pressure and prevent blood from reaching vital organs (hypovolemic shock). In some cases, severe acute pancreatitis cuts off the blood supply to parts of the pancreas, leading to death of the tissue and bacteria that live there. This can happen in one in three cases of severe pancreatitis. If this happens, you will be treated in the intensive care unit, where your doctors can give you injected antibiotics to prevent an infection and fluids to maintain hydration and keep blood pressure stable. They can also give you food through a tube in the nose or stomach to provide nutrition.
Most people recover from pancreatitis within a week, as long as they are able to drink enough fluids and take pain medicines as needed. They can resume a normal diet after that.
You can help your body heal after pancreatitis by following a low-fat diet that includes nutrient-rich foods and avoiding heavy meals. You can also quit smoking and limit how much alcohol you drink, as these factors can make the condition worse. If your pancreatitis is chronic, you can talk to a counselor about the depression it may cause and learn ways to cope.
Liver disease
The liver sits on the right side of your abdomen and weighs up to 4 pounds (1.8 kilograms). It helps digest food, rids the body of waste products, and makes substances that keep blood flowing normally. It can be damaged by a number of conditions. The liver can become inflamed, for example, by hepatitis, or blocked from getting enough bile, for example, by gallstones. Liver cells can also be replaced by scar tissue, a condition known as cirrhosis. This can lead to liver failure. Often the disease is progressive and slow to progress, so that people don’t notice any change in their health until it is advanced.
Some diseases that cause the liver to become damaged are treatable. For example, hepatitis can be treated with antiviral medications. If the disease is due to alcohol use, stopping drinking can help preserve the liver. Some metabolic disorders that affect the liver can be treated by eating a healthy diet and maintaining a normal weight. In some cases, medications may be needed to reduce blood triglycerides and cholesterol or to control the amount of protein the liver absorbs, which can result in high levels of ammonia in the blood and cause confusion, tremors and coma.
Cancer that starts in the liver is called primary liver cancer. But it can also start in another part of the body and spread to the liver, a condition called metastatic cancer. Other causes of metastatic cancer to the liver include autoimmune hepatitis, inflammatory bowel disease, AIDS, sickle cell anemia, and certain cancers that are found only in children, such as leukemia and Hodgkin’s lymphoma.
Liver disease can cause a variety of other problems, including fatigue and weakness, poor memory, tremors, and stomach problems. It can also affect your skin color and cause jaundice, a yellow appearance of the skin and eyes. If you experience any of these symptoms, talk to your doctor or nurse. Also visit here, Specialitymedz.
Some liver diseases, such as hepatitis and fatty liver disease, can be reversed if you remove the cause. This includes not drinking alcohol and taking any medications your doctor has prescribed, especially if they are for other conditions such as diabetes or high blood pressure.
Other side effects
Along with its needed effects, this medication may cause unwanted side effects. These side effects may not need medical attention, but if they do, call your doctor or pharmacist for advice.
Before taking this medicine, tell your doctor and pharmacist what other prescription and nonprescription medications you are taking, including vitamins, nutritional supplements, and herbal products. Also tell them if you are taking any of the following: acyclovir (Zovirax); amikacin; aminoglycosides such as gentamicin and streptomycin; cyproheptadine (Cytovene); erythromycin; clarithromycin; digoxin; fenugreek; heparins; metronidazole (Flagyl); niacin; ribavirin (Copegus, Rebetol, Ribasphere); sofosbuvir/velpatasvir (Harvoni); telaprevir (Telzira); or valacyclovir (Valtrex).
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